Industry Must Prepare Now For A New World Of Green Electricity

The study warned that a national strategy to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy requires an integrated approach to energy use and material production-otherwise it may render the industry unable to use renewable energy to generate electricity.

Ensuring that no fossil fuels are used for power generation by 2050 is critical to achieving net-zero power generation. However, if the industry cannot use this power, its effect will be limited. The steel manufacturing industry alone accounts for one-tenth of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in industrialized countries, but the latest estimates indicate that new technologies that use electricity to make steel will not be fully operational until at least 2040.

The next leading metal aluminum has a significant weight and energy saving effect than steel when used in transportation systems. It is produced using electricity, and its manufacturing currently accounts for 3% of all carbon dioxide emissions. However, since 2000, two-thirds of the world's aluminum production has shifted from countries such as the United Kingdom, which use nuclear energy, to China and the Persian Gulf countries, which mainly use fossil fuels for power generation.

The lead author of the study, Dr. Alan Granger of the School of Geography at the University of Leeds, said: "The delay in replacing existing steel and aluminum manufacturing capacity is the key'lock-in' constraint for achieving net zero.

"Human over-reliance on steel (which accounts for 94% of all metal production), as well as the scale of new aluminum manufacturing capacity in China and the Persian Gulf, is a huge obstacle that cannot be ignored. The UK Net Zero Strategy released last week recognizes this problem. , But lacks details on how to solve it."

The report stated that governments should strengthen international carbon reporting standards for energy-intensive industries so that when assessing progress towards achieving the national net-zero emission target, they can more transparently measure the total carbon dioxide emissions during material manufacturing and service life. The price of carbon also needs to rise to make it economically viable and to introduce new manufacturing technologies with low carbon dioxide emissions.

Reducing carbon dioxide emissions is only half the challenge. Dr. Grainger said: "In order to achieve net zero emissions, we need to remove as much carbon dioxide as it is emitted into the atmosphere. This is like the scales of those old-fashioned greengrocers-carbon emissions on the one hand and carbon removal on the other. It can be adopted to reduce atmospheric emissions by planting new forests and deploying carbon capture and storage technologies."

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